Burner.



L. S. .CHADWlCK.

BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 3. 1913.

Patented Nov. 20, 1917.

Zia. j.

mam/75559 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFTQE.

LEE S. CHADWICK, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNQR TD THE CLEVELAND METAL PRODUCTS COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OEIG, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 20, 1917.

Application filed. November 3, 1913. Serial No. 798,841.

To all whom it may concern" Be it known that 1, LEE S. CHAowIoK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland. in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to burners for stoves, and more particularly to wick burners in the operation whereof the wick is, or may be, turned into engagement with an abutment (as part of the flame spreader) whereby its height is limited.

In the operation of burners of this kind and especially in the operation of the type shown in patent to Jeavons No. 848,828,

wherein a drum surrounds the top of the wick tubes and extends thereabove, it is customary to turn the wick up to its most elevated position and to ignite the top of the wick through the door of the drum. No special harm will follow from this operation unless the door of the drum is left open. In such case, the proper balance of drafts within the burner and within the drum is disturbed, the flame will lick around and greatly heat the spreader, increasing the vaporization at the inner surface of the wick, and the vapor there produced falls by gravity downwardly within the inner wick tube and becomes ignited. Owing to the heating of the parts, the amount of vapor thus evolved becomes so great that a flame of considerable volume may be produced, sufficient to unsolder the connections between the burner and the supply pipe andto allow the oil to escape freely and be ignited by this flame.

It is the object of this invention to provide means whereby, in the event'of such flame being produced within the inner wick tube, the draft through the burner may be automatically shut off or diminished and the flame smothered, the vapor which is being evolved from the inner surface of the wick dropping into substantially closed chamber from which the air necessary to support the combustion of the vapor is excluded while the oil resulting from the condensation of such vapor will be collected and retained until such time as the burner is put into normal operation. Still further and more generally speaking, the invention may be defined as consisting of the combinations of elements embodied in the claims hereto annexed and illustrated in the drawings forming part hereof, wherein Figure 1 represents a verti cal, sectional view through a burner and drum having my invention applied thereto; Fig. 2 a sectional view ofthe burner (omitting the drum and its supporting collar) showing the positions of the parts after the operation of my invention; and Fig. 3 is a sectional view corresponding to the line 33 of Fig. 1, looking upwardly.

Describing by reference characters the various parts illustrated herein, 1 represents the inner and 2 the outer wick tube of the burner. E'denotes the wick between said tubes, said wick being provided with the usual sheet-metal carrier 1, which is adapted to be engaged by the wick raiser (not shown).

5 denotes a laterally projecting coupling which is soldered to the lower outer surface of the outer wick tube and which is provided with a bore 6 whereby communication is established between theburner supply pipe 7 and the space betweenthe wick tubes, the construction being similar to that shown in the patent to Jeavons No. 1,089,950 issued October 1, 1912.

Projecting inwardly from the upper part of the inner wick tube is an annular plate 8, the portion of the said plate which is nearest to the center of the burner being downwardly inclined, as shown at 8. 9 denotes a series of arms projecting inwardly or toward the center of the burner from this annular plate and carrying at their inner extremities a ring 10. This ring forms a centering guide for the spindle 11, which is connected to the flame spreader. The spreader consists generally of a pair of spaced plates 12 and 13, which are conveniently carried by the intermediate cylindrical part 14 and the upper cylindrical part 15, respectively, of an air distributer. The plates 12 and 13 project above the tops of the wick tubes and the lower plate 12 is in position to be engaged by the top of the wick. The cylindrical portions 14 and 15 of the distributer are shown as connected by a frusto-conical portion 16, which is perforated to permit the flow of air between the plates 12 and 13. The bottom of the cylindrical portion 14 is connected by a frusto-conical portion 17 with the cylindrical'bottom 18, and this cylindrical portion 18 is connected to and carries a vertically extending cylindrical ring 19 which has its upper end projected inwardly, as shown at 20.

The arms 9 are for the purpose of retaining the air distributer parts (including the flame spreader plates) in proper relation to the wick tubes while permitting of the easy removal of these parts. For the purpose or preventing the spreader and its parts from being elevated by the raising of the wick, a retaining device consisting of a plurality of downwardly projecting arms or fingers 21 is provided, the said retaining device being so constructed as to engage the under surfaces of the spider arms 9 and preventing undesirable vertical movement of the spreader plates, in the manner shown, described, and claimed in the patent to Jeavons No. 871,593 issued November 15, 1907.

The locking device consisting of these arms or fingers 21 is carried by a plate 22 which is slidably mounted upon the spindle 11, being retained in operative relation thereto by means of a washer 23 having a neck 2% which is soldered to the said spindle, the solder employed being one which is fusi ble. at a comparatively low temperature. The outer peripheral portion of the plate 22 is inclined upwardly, as shown at 25, the inclination being the same as that of the inclined surface 8 therebelow. Secured to the plate 22 and projecting upwardly therefrom is a collar, said collar consisting of two cylindrical portions 26 and 27 joined by a frusto-conical portion 28. The cylindrical portion 27 constitutes a neck which fits more or less snugly within the interior of the cylindrical portion 1a or" the air distributer while the cylindrical portion 26 is provided with apertures 29 for the admission of air to the interior of the distributer and to the space between the spreader plates 12 and 13. A spring 30 surrounds the spindle 11 and bears at one end against the upper end 15 of the air distributer and at its lower end against the plate 22. This spring is normally under compression and tends to. separate the parts 15 and 22.

Surrounding the upper end of the outer wick tube and preferably carried thereby is a collar 31, said collar supporting a drum 32 7 having a. door opening 33 and a door 34.

Fromthe foregoing description, it is be lieved that the operation will be readily understood. Assume that the operator leaves the; door at open, with the wick 3 in substan tial engagement wit-h the lower spreader plate 12, and that the flame unduly heats the spreader and that the vapors evolved from the inner side of the wick are ignited within the inner wick tube: before the couplingi can be unsoldered or other serious injury occur, the solder by which the washer 23 is attached to the spindle 11 will have been melted, and thereupon the spring 30 will thrust the plate 22 downwardly, with the inclined part 25 fitting against the inner inclined part 8 of the annular ring therebeneath, the plate acting as a damper to close the bottom of the chamber formed between the bcttom spreader plate andthe annular plate 8. The flame will be quickly smothered through the absence of air in sufficient quantity to support combustion in this chamber and whatever oil may be condensed from the vaporsv evolved from theinnor side or the wick will be collected in the pan which is formed by theannular plate 8 and the plate From the foregoing,description it will be.

evident that the danger of setting fire to the adjacent articles or the compartment in which the burner may be located through the action referred to vhereinbefore is eliminated, and that this result is obtained in and by virtue of a particularly simple, economical, and eflicient: construction.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a burnenthe combination of inner and outer wick tubes and a wick therebetween, a draft damper in the inner wick tube, and means, operative by temperature changes, for automatically operating. said damper.

2. In a burner, the. combination of inner and outer wick tubes and a wick therebetween, and means,.operative by temperature changes, for automatically cutting. off the flow of air through the inner. tube.

3. In a burner, the combination of inner and outer wick. tubes, means forming a chamber within the inner wick tube and in: cluding the upper portion of. said tube, and means, operative by temperature changes, for closing the bottomof said chamber.

4. In a burner, the combination of inner and outer wick. tubes, means forming a chamber within the inner wick tube, and means, operative by temperature changes, for substantially cutting ofithe draft from said chamber.

5. In a burner, the combination of. inner and outer wick tubes and a wick therebetween, a damper within the inner wick tube, and means, rendered operative through temperature changes, for moving thedamper in a direction to cut of? the flow of air. through said tube.

6. In a burner, the combination of inner and outer wicktubes and a wicktherebetween, and means including a fusible element for supplying a regulated quantity of 7 tween, a damper adapted to obstruct the flow of air through said tube, a spring tending to move the damper to obstructing position, and fusible means normally preventing the operation of the damper by the spring.

8. In a burner, the combination of inner and outer Wick tubes and a wick therebetween, a plate within the inner wick tube having an opening therethrough, a valve or damper for said opening, means tending to move said valve or damper in a direction to close said opening, and a fusible device normally preventing the operation of said means.

9. In a burner, the combination of inner and outer wick tubes and a wick therebetween, an annular plate carried by the inner wick tube and having a spindle guide at the central portion thereof, a spreader, a spindle therefor in said guide, a plate slidably mounted upon the spindle and adapted to close the opening in the first-mentioned plate, a spring surrounding the spindle and tending to move the second plate toward the first mentioned plate, and fusible means normally preventing the movement of the second plate by the spring.

10. In a burner, the combination of inner and outer wick tubes and a wick therebetween, a spreader, a spindle projecting downwardly from the spreader, a plate within the inner wick tube and having a central opening and a spindle guide within said opening, a plate slidably mounted upon the spindle above the first mentioned plate, a spring surrounding the spindle and tending to move the second plate into engagement with the first mentioned plate, and fusible means normally preventing such movement of the second plate by said spring.

11. In a burner, the combination of inner and outer wick tubes and a wick therebetween, a spreader, a spindle projecting downwardly from the spreader, a plate within the inner wick tube and having a central opening and a spindle guide within said opening, a plate slidably mounted upon the spindle above the first mentioned plate, a spreader-locking device carried by said plate, a spring surrounding the spindle and tending to move the second plate into engagement with the first mentioned plate, and fusible means normally preventing such movement of the second plate by said spring.

12. In a burner, the combination of inner and outer wick tubes and a wick therebetween, an annular plate mounted within the inner wick tube below the top thereof, a plate adapted to close the central opening in the annular plate, and operative means releasable by temperature changes within the burner for moving the second plate into engagement with the first mentioned plate.

13. In a burner, the combination of inner and outer wick tubes and a wick therebetween, an abutment extending above the top of said wick, an annular plate mounted within the inner wick tube below the top thereof and having its inner portion downwardly inclined, a plate interposed between the abutment and the first mentioned plate and adapted to close the central opening in the annular plate and having its outer peripheral portion inclined complementarily to and adapted to seat upon the inclined portion of the first mentioned plate, and operative means releasable by temperature changes within the burner for moving the second plate into engagement with the first mentioned plate.

14:; In a burner, the combination of inner and outer wick tubes and a wick therebetween, a damper within the inner wick tube, and operative means, releasable by temperature changes, for moving the damper in a direction to cut off the flow of air through said tube.

- In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

LEE S. CHADWICK.

Witnesses:

HUGH B. MoGILL, BRENNAN B. WEST.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

